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Related Experiment Videos

Physical and occupational therapy.

J Case-Smith1, S Rogers

  • 1Ohio State University Health Sciences Center, Columbus, USA. case-smith.1@osu.edu

Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
|April 15, 1999
PubMed
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Occupational and physical therapists use various assessment approaches for infants, moving beyond traditional methods to include qualitative and dynamic systems theory for better tracking of progress and movement complexity.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Occupational Therapy
  • Physical Therapy
  • Child Psychiatry

Background:

  • Occupational and physical therapists assess infant functional abilities in play, self-care, mobility, and social interaction.
  • In child psychiatry, therapists provide neuromotor, sensory processing, and adaptive skill analyses for comprehensive infant evaluations.
  • Traditional neuromotor/developmental assessments are limited in documenting treatment progress and qualitative movement aspects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present current trends in infant and young child assessment within occupational and physical therapy.
  • To highlight the evolution from traditional assessments to more sensitive qualitative and dynamic systems approaches.
  • To emphasize the importance of multi-theoretical assessment strategies for comprehensive evaluations.

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Main Methods:

  • Review of three theoretical approaches in current infant and young child assessment.
  • Comparison of traditional neuromotor/developmental assessments with qualitative and dynamic systems theory-based assessments.
  • Discussion of the utility of different assessment types for documenting progress and understanding movement quality.

Main Results:

  • Traditional assessments effectively differentiate developmental delays but are less sensitive to treatment-induced changes.
  • Qualitative assessments and dynamic systems theory offer greater sensitivity to subtle changes and the complexity of functional skills.
  • Dynamic systems theory-based assessments allow for quantification of abilities and detailed insights into movement quality.

Conclusions:

  • Modern occupational and physical therapy assessments integrate multiple theoretical approaches for comprehensive infant evaluations.
  • Dynamic systems theory and qualitative assessments enhance the ability to track progress and understand nuanced functional skills.
  • A combination of assessment strategies provides the most thorough understanding of an infant's functional abilities and developmental trajectory.