[The health and hygiene problems of motor activity in childhood and adolescence]

Our investigations during the last decades emphasized the ever more increasing importance of the motor activity for the wholesome development of the child's and adolescent's body. Contrary to that, nowadays a tendency imposes for ever more immobile manner of life among the children and the growing up adolescents, which bears an extremely unfavourable influence on their physical development and activity, health conditions, as well as on a number of psycho-functional indices for their vital activity. The presented literary review from 36 origins demonstrate that as a result of hypokinesis the percentage of children and adolescent with overweight and obesity increases, the alimentary-energetic balance of the body is disturbed, the morbidity increases, particularly of the cardio-circulatory system, etc. All these phenomena impose in front of the physicians a number of health-hygienic problems, the solution of which could be achieved mainly by direction of the efforts for creation of adequate programmes for stimulation of the physical activity of the children and adolescents in the school, as well as in the family medium. The researchers in a number of highly developed countries even alarm for the constitution of national programmes for physical activity and physical education in view of saving the growing up generation from the noxious effect of hypokinesis with all deriving from it unfavourable for the health consequences.