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Folate metabolism and requirements.

L B Bailey1, J F Gregory

  • 1Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.

The Journal of Nutrition
|April 16, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Folate is essential for one-carbon metabolism, impacting nucleotide and amino acid synthesis. Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for folate are based on maintaining adequate folate levels, with specific amounts for adults and pregnant or lactating women.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Nutrition Science
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Folate is crucial for one-carbon metabolism, essential for synthesizing nucleotides and amino acids.
  • Folate-dependent metabolic processes are influenced by dietary intake, other nutrients (like vitamins B-12 and B-6), and genetic factors.
  • Estimating folate requirements historically involved assessing plasma and erythrocyte folate concentrations and functional tests.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the basis for current Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for folate.
  • To highlight the importance of erythrocyte folate concentration as a key indicator of folate adequacy.
  • To provide specific Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for different adult populations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of metabolic studies focusing on folate adequacy.
  • Utilizing erythrocyte folate concentration as a primary biomarker.
  • Analysis of data to establish RDAs for various demographic groups.

Main Results:

  • Recent DRIs for folate are primarily derived from metabolic studies.
  • Erythrocyte folate concentration is considered the major indicator for assessing folate adequacy.
  • The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for adults (>/=19 y) is 400 µg/d of dietary folate equivalents (DFE).

Conclusions:

  • The established RDAs for folate ensure adequate levels for essential metabolic functions.
  • Pregnant and lactating women have higher folate requirements, with RDAs increased by 100 and 200 µg/d DFE, respectively.
  • Maintaining adequate folate status is critical for overall health and specific physiological processes.

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