[Learning gastroenterologic endoscopy]

1. Knowledge of the gastroenterological endoscopy and biopsy is necessary at all levels of medical education. 2. Knowledge of students: possible methods, diagnostic effectiveness, stress of the patients. Knowledge of the candidates for specialisation: indications, contraindications, possibilities of the method also in reference to the individual case. Persons interested in the subspecialisation gastro-enterology: theory, possibilities and limits, technical performance. Experienced endoscopists: regular refreshment and supplementation of knowledge and skill in highly specialised endoscopic centres. 3. Tested teaching methods are lecture, report, study of atlants and text-books, demonstrations of diapositives in connection with schematic figures, seminars with diapositives, film demonstrations, work at the patient under supervision of the tutor and use of a demonstration device as well as endoscopic demonstration by means of colour television. The centre is, however, the individual examination of the patient. 4. Knowledge of the subspecialist: History of endoscopy, knowledge of instruments, optics and endoscopic perspective, physical fundaments about light and photography, human macro- and microscopic anatomy, care of instruments and desinfection. Indications, contraindications, possibilities and limits of the method, emergency and intensive medicine, writing of the findings.