The laboratory-clinical interface: point-of-care testing

POC testing provides an opportunity for clinicians and laboratorians to work together to consider how best to serve the patients within an individual institution. Each health system has unique characteristics relative to patient population, as well as a unique laboratory structure. If physicians, nurses, laboratorians, and pathologists work collaboratively, the best interests of patients will be served. In some institutions that cater to specific patient groups, POC testing may offer clear and distinct advantages. In other institutions with sophisticated transport systems and established rapid response capabilities, the quality resulting from central laboratory testing may outweigh any advantages of bedside testing. Clearly, attention to regulatory issues, QC issues, the importance of proper documentation, proficiency testing, performance enhancement, and cost-effectiveness is requisite. As the technology for diagnostic testing advances through more microcomputerization, microchemistry, and enhanced test menus, the concept of POC testing will need perpetual revisiting. We hope that the information provided here will aid clinicians, laboratorians, and administrators in their quest to best serve their patients.