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[Factors associated with low birth weight: a multivariate analysis].

L Fourn1, S Ducic, L Séguin

  • 1Faculté des sciences de la santé de Cotonou, Université nationale du Bénin, BP 188, Cotonou, République du Bénin.

Sante (Montrouge, France)
|April 22, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Low birth weight in infants is a significant public health issue in Benin. Key risk factors include maternal underweight, bleeding, malaria, and psychosocial issues, while prenatal care offers protection.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Obstetrics
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Low birth weight (LBW) presents a major public health challenge in Benin, with largely unknown etiological factors.
  • Infant LBW significantly impacts child survival and long-term health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the risk factors and protective elements associated with low birth weight infants in Cotonou, Benin.
  • To identify actionable insights for preventive strategies targeting LBW.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 4,213 pregnant women in Cotonou.
  • Data collection through interviews and review of maternity records, followed by delivery monitoring.
  • Statistical analysis using multiple regression to identify significant risk and protective factors.

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Main Results:

  • Pre-term birth occurred in 6.9% of deliveries, and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) in 10.9%.
  • Maternal underweight, bleeding complications, malaria, and psychosocial stressors were associated with increased LBW risk.
  • Unwanted pregnancy and heavy physical labor were identified as significant risk factors (ORa=1.60 and ORa=1.30, respectively).

Conclusions:

  • Adequate prenatal care and prior childbirth experience were found to be protective factors against LBW (ORa=0.85).
  • Findings underscore the importance of nutritional support, management of medical complications, and addressing psychosocial factors in antenatal care.
  • Interventions focusing on maternal nutrition and psychosocial well-being are crucial for reducing LBW rates in Benin.