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[Lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis risk in renal diseases in pediatric age]
P Ferrara1, A Ruggiero, S Pulitanò
1Istituto Clinica Pediatrica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma.
Insights
Dyslipidemia, or abnormal blood lipids, is linked to cardiovascular issues from childhood. Early detection and management in children with kidney disease are crucial for preventing complications and preserving kidney function.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Cardiovascular Science
- Metabolic Disorders
Context:
- Atherosclerosis begins in childhood, with dyslipidemia strongly correlating to cardiac and cerebrovascular events.
- Systemic diseases and genetic factors can disrupt lipid metabolism, leading to clinical dyslipidemia.
- Kidney disease significantly impacts lipid homeostasis and increases cardiovascular risk, especially in end-stage renal disease.
Purpose:
- To highlight the critical importance of assessing lipid profiles in children, particularly those with renal disease.
- To underscore the link between lipid anomalies and the progression of renal failure.
- To emphasize the role of early intervention in preventing atherosclerotic events in pediatric patients with kidney conditions.
Summary:
- Lipid pattern analysis is essential in pediatric patients with renal disease due to their heightened risk of progressive renal failure.
- Children with nephrotic syndrome, renal failure, or post-transplantation often exhibit elevated triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL, and VLDL.
- Identifying and addressing lipid abnormalities is vital for mitigating cardiovascular risks and slowing renal damage progression.
Impact:
- Early detection and management of dyslipidemia in pediatric kidney disease can prevent severe cardiovascular complications.
- Understanding lipid metabolism in renal disease aids in developing targeted therapies to preserve kidney function.
- Proactive pharmacological and dietary interventions are key to preventing atherosclerotic events and improving long-term outcomes in affected children.
Abstract:
The pathophysiological events regarding the atherosclerotic processes are present already in early childhood. Various clinical trials confirm tight correlation between dyslipidemia and cardiac and cerebrovascular complications. Over the clinical dyslipidemia genetically determined, various systemic diseases can lead to anomalies of the lipidic metabolism. The determination and analysis of the lipidic pattern is essential during childhood and in particular in patients with renal disease for the increased risk of progressive failure of renal function and for the central role of kidney in lipidic homeostasis. Cardiovascular event is the most important cause of mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. In children with nephrotic syndrome, renal failure, hemodialysis or after renal transplantation, an increase of the serum values of triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL, VLDL is generally observed. The presence of anomalies in lipidic pattern must be considered during the course of renal disease for preventing the progression of renal damage. Thus, the pharmacological therapy and diet permit to prevent the atherosclerotic events.