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Related Experiment Videos

Hyperphagia in neonates withdrawing from methadone.

A Martinez1, B Kastner, H W Taeusch

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco 94110, USA. amartinez@sfghpeds.ucsf.edu

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition
|April 22, 1999
PubMed
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Hyperphagia, or excessive infant feeding, is common in infants born to mothers on methadone maintenance. This condition did not lead to better weight gain or gastrointestinal issues, suggesting other underlying causes.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Infants born to mothers receiving methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) may experience Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS).
  • Hyperphagia, characterized by excessive oral intake, has been anecdotally observed in these infants but its clinical significance is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence and clinical significance of hyperphagia in infants born to mothers undergoing MMT.
  • To determine if hyperphagia is associated with maternal methadone dosage, infant withdrawal severity, or adverse clinical outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 44 infants born to mothers on MMT between 1992-1995.
  • Analysis of infant feeding volumes, body weight changes, and adverse clinical events during the first month of life.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measurement of hyperphagia (oral intake > 190 cc/kg/day) and correlation with maternal methadone dose and withdrawal scores.

    • Main Results:

    • Hyperphagia was observed in 26% of infants by day 8 and 56% by day 16.
    • Hyperphagic infants lost more weight in the first week and did not achieve faster weight gain despite higher intake.
    • No association was found between hyperphagia and maternal methadone dose, infant withdrawal scores, or adverse gastrointestinal effects like vomiting or diarrhea.

    Conclusions:

    • Hyperphagia is a common and persistent finding in infants withdrawing from methadone.
    • Hyperphagia is not linked to improved neonatal weight gain or increased gastrointestinal complications.
    • The presence of hyperphagia may indicate heightened metabolic demands in infants with NAS, potentially related to uncontrolled clinical signs.