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Cisplatin and hypomagnesemia.

H Lajer1, G Daugaard

  • 1Department of Oncology, Finsencenter, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Cancer Treatment Reviews
|April 23, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Cisplatin chemotherapy can cause hypomagnesemia, a common side effect impacting up to 90% of patients. Adding magnesium to hydration fluids may help prevent this potentially serious complication.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Oncology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cisplatin chemotherapy is associated with hypomagnesemia, a significant side effect.
  • Cisplatin-induced renal toxicity is implicated in magnesium wasting.
  • The precise mechanisms of cisplatin's effect on renal magnesium reabsorption are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of cisplatin on magnesium levels.
  • To discuss the clinical significance and management of hypomagnesemia during cisplatin chemotherapy.
  • To evaluate current strategies for magnesium supplementation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on cisplatin, hypomagnesemia, and magnesium supplementation.
  • Analysis of the effects of cisplatin on renal magnesium transport mechanisms.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of serum magnesium and erythrocyte magnesium concentrations as indicators of body magnesium stores.

    • Main Results:

    • Hypomagnesemia affects up to 90% of patients receiving cisplatin without intervention.
    • Serum and erythrocyte magnesium levels are poor indicators of total body magnesium.
    • Adding magnesium to pre- and post-hydration fluids appears to be an effective strategy.

    Conclusions:

    • Hypomagnesemia is a frequent and potentially significant complication of cisplatin chemotherapy.
    • Current methods for assessing magnesium status are inadequate.
    • Prophylactic magnesium administration via hydration fluids is recommended to prevent hypomagnesemia.