Prevalence and outcomes of sexual violence among high school students

A cross sectional, school-based survey using self administered anonymous questionnaire was conducted in Addis Ababa and Western Shoa among high school students to determine the prevalence, and reported outcomes of sexual violence. A total of 1401 female students were involved in the study. The prevalence of completed rape and attempted rape among female students was 5% and 10% respectively. The age range of completed rape was between 12-23 years and 61/72 (85%) of the rape victims were under 18 years of age. No significant linear trend was observed among the different age intervals (Chi Square for linear trend = 1.18; p-value = 0.27). Of the total respondents 78%, believed that rape was a major problem. Sexual harassment was reported in 74% of female students. Among the seventy two girls who reported to be raped 17(24%) had vaginal discharge and 12(17%) became pregnant. Social isolation, fear and phobia, hopelessness and suicide attempt were reported in 33%, 19%, 22%, 6% of rape victims, respectively. It is concluded that the prevalence of sexual violence among high school students is a serious problem and concern. Awareness creation to adolescents and the family need to be introduced and schools should also devise appropriate sex education regarding damaging effect of rape and educate youth on sexuality and responsible sexual decision making.