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Related Experiment Videos

PKR, apoptosis and cancer.

R Jagus1, B Joshi, G N Barber

  • 1Center of Marine Biotechnology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, Baltimore, USA. jagus@umbi.umd.edu

The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
|April 27, 1999
PubMed
Summary

The protein kinase PKR, activated by double-stranded RNA, inhibits protein synthesis and plays a role in antiviral defense. It may also act as a tumor suppressor, with higher PKR content linked to better cancer prognosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • PKR is a serine/threonine protein kinase activated by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA).
  • It is induced by interferons and present in most mammalian cells.
  • PKR activation leads to phosphorylation of eIF2 alpha-subunit, inhibiting protein synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted roles of PKR beyond its antiviral functions.
  • To investigate PKR's involvement in cell proliferation and gene regulation.
  • To examine the association between PKR expression and cancer prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on PKR function and regulation.
  • Analysis of studies investigating PKR's substrates and signaling pathways.

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  • Examination of data correlating PKR levels with clinical outcomes in various malignancies.

    • Main Results:

    • PKR activation by dsRNA inhibits translation initiation.
    • PKR has additional substrates and influences gene transcription and signal transduction.
    • Elevated PKR levels generally correlate with a favorable prognosis in human cancers.
    • Dysregulation of PKR in breast carcinoma may promote tumorigenesis.

    Conclusions:

    • PKR is a key regulator of protein synthesis and cellular responses to viral infection.
    • PKR exhibits tumor suppressor functions, influencing cell proliferation and potentially cancer development.
    • PKR levels serve as a prognostic marker in several human malignancies, though its role in breast cancer requires further investigation.