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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Measuring Frailty in HIV-infected Individuals. Identification of Frail Patients is the First Step to Amelioration and Reversal of Frailty

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Mortality risk in selenium-deficient HIV-positive children.

A Campa¹, G Shor-Posner, F Indacochea

¹Center for Disease Prevention, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida 33136, USA.

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology : Official Publication of the International Retrovirology Association

|May 4, 1999

Summary

Low plasma selenium levels independently predict mortality and faster disease progression in children with HIV-1 infection. This highlights selenium

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Immunology
Nutritional Science
Epidemiology

Background:

Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in children presents significant challenges to immune status and overall survival.
Nutritional factors are increasingly recognized for their potential impact on disease progression in pediatric HIV-1.
Understanding specific nutritional contributions is crucial for improving outcomes in affected children.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the independent role of specific nutritional factors in the progression of HIV-1 disease and survival among infected children.
To identify key nutritional markers associated with mortality and disease advancement in pediatric HIV-1.

Main Methods:

A cohort of 24 symptomatic, perinatally HIV-1-exposed children was followed for 5 years.
Immune status (CD4 cell count) and nutritional status (serum albumin, plasma trace elements like selenium) were assessed.
Cox proportional hazards regression models analyzed the relationship between nutritional factors, immune status, and survival, considering antiretroviral treatment.

Main Results:

Twelve children died from HIV-1 related causes during the study period.
Low plasma selenium levels (RR = 5.96) and CD4 cell counts below 200 (RR = 7.05) were independently significant predictors of mortality.
Children with low selenium levels died at a younger age, indicating accelerated disease progression.

Conclusions:

Low plasma selenium levels are an independent predictor of mortality in pediatric HIV-1 infection.
Reduced selenium levels are associated with more rapid HIV-1 disease progression in children.
Monitoring and potentially supplementing selenium may be important for improving survival and managing disease progression in pediatric HIV-1.