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Gustatory function after third molar extraction.

D M Shafer1, M E Frank, J F Gent

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington 06030-3705, USA.

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics
|May 4, 1999
PubMed
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Third molar extraction can cause taste changes that persist for up to six months. Severity of impaction correlates with the degree of taste loss, impacting gustatory function.

Area of Science:

  • Oral surgery
  • Sensory science
  • Dental research

Background:

  • Third molar (wisdom tooth) extraction is a common dental procedure.
  • Potential side effects, such as altered taste sensation, are a concern for patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the severity and duration of taste alterations following the surgical removal of all four third molars.
  • To investigate the relationship between impaction severity and taste changes.

Main Methods:

  • Taste function was evaluated in 17 patients pre-surgery and at 1 and 6 months post-surgery.
  • Two gustatory tests were employed: a whole-mouth test and a localized tongue-site test.
  • Taste intensity and quality identification were assessed for various solutions.

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Main Results:

  • A significant reduction in taste intensity (approx. 14%) for NaCl, citric acid, and quinine hydrochloride was observed at 1 month post-surgery.
  • Taste deficits, particularly for citric acid, persisted at 6 months.
  • Reduced taste intensity on localized tongue areas and impaired NaCl taste quality identification were noted.
  • Deeper molar impaction correlated with lower taste intensity ratings at 6 months.
  • No taste alterations were found in patients receiving only local dental anesthesia.

Conclusions:

  • Third molar extraction can lead to persistent gustatory deficits lasting up to six months.
  • The degree of taste impairment appears to be associated with the depth of the impacted molar.
  • These findings highlight the potential for sensory disturbances after wisdom tooth removal.