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Malnutrition: organic and functional consequences.

R J Mora1

  • 1Department of Surgery, Clínica San Pedro Claver, Calle 123 No. 8-20, Santa Fe de Bogotá, D.C., Colombia.

World Journal of Surgery
|May 5, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Malnutrition is a common disease affecting survival, requiring immediate attention to water, electrolytes, and energy. Protein-calorie malnutrition involves deficiencies beyond protein and calories, impacting micronutrients and organ systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Medicine
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • Malnutrition is the most prevalent disease globally.
  • Acute malnutrition highlights the critical need for water, electrolytes, and energy for survival.
  • Lean body mass can withstand approximately 40% wasting before organism collapse.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of malnutrition on various organ systems.
  • To clarify the complexities of protein-calorie malnutrition.
  • To provide a surgical perspective on malnutrition's impact.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on organ system effects.
  • Analysis of malnutrition's impact on the gastrointestinal tract.
  • Examination of effects on the immunologic system and scar tissue formation.

Main Results:

  • Malnutrition affects essential survival components like water, electrolytes, and energy reserves.
  • Protein-calorie malnutrition often involves broader micronutrient deficiencies.
  • Significant wasting of lean body mass (around 40%) is critical.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding malnutrition's multifaceted nature, including micronutrient deficiencies, is crucial.
  • Surgical assessment should consider impacts on the gastrointestinal tract, immune function, and wound healing.
  • Effective management requires addressing deficiencies beyond protein and calories.

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