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Related Experiment Videos

Fetal abnormalities: evaluation with real-time-processible three-dimensional US--preliminary report.

K Baba1, T Okai, S Kozuma

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.

Radiology
|May 6, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Real-time three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography (US) effectively supplements two-dimensional (2D) US for evaluating fetal abnormalities, especially external ones. However, it is less effective for detecting internal fetal abnormalities compared to 2D US.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Fetal Medicine
  • Diagnostic Ultrasound

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) ultrasonography (US) is standard for fetal anomaly detection.
  • Limitations exist in 2D US for visualizing complex fetal structures.
  • Advanced imaging techniques are needed to improve diagnostic accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of real-time-processible three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography (US) in diagnosing fetal abnormalities.
  • To compare the diagnostic performance of 3D US with conventional 2D US.
  • To identify specific fetal abnormalities where 3D US offers added value.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 19 pregnant women with suspected fetal abnormalities (13-35 weeks gestation) was studied.
  • Examinations utilized a conventional US scanner equipped for real-time 3D US and a transabdominal 3D probe.

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  • Abnormalities initially detected by 2D US were further assessed using real-time 3D US.

    • Main Results:

    • A total of 36 fetal abnormalities were identified across the cohort using 2D US, 3D US, or both.
    • Real-time 3D US clearly demonstrated and confirmed 17 (47%) of the 36 abnormalities.
    • While 2D US visualized 18 intrafetal abnormalities, 14 of these were not detectable with 3D US.

    Conclusions:

    • Real-time 3D US serves as a valuable adjunct to 2D US for assessing fetal abnormalities.
    • 3D US is particularly useful for evaluating external anomalies such as facial, ear, and digital malformations, and the anatomic axis.
    • Its utility is limited for intrafetal abnormalities, with exceptions for skeletal issues and certain fluid-accumulating pathologies.