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Executive function in schizophrenia.

D I Velligan1, C C Bow-Thomas

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78284-7792, USA.

Seminars in Clinical Neuropsychiatry
|May 7, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Schizophrenia significantly impairs executive functions like planning and attention in most patients, impacting daily life. New treatments like atypical antipsychotics and cognitive rehabilitation show promise for improving these cognitive deficits.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Schizophrenia is characterized by widespread executive function deficits, affecting 40-95% of patients.
  • Impaired domains include planning, concept formation, initiation, self-monitoring, attention, and memory.
  • These deficits occur alongside generalized cognitive impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review executive function impairments in schizophrenia.
  • To explore the relationship between specific deficits, symptoms, and brain abnormalities.
  • To discuss potential treatment approaches for cognitive and functional deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of executive function in schizophrenia.
  • Analysis of studies linking executive deficits to symptom clusters and neuroimaging findings.
  • Examination of treatment efficacy for cognitive and functional outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Executive function impairments are prevalent and diverse in schizophrenia.
  • Specific executive deficits correlate with symptom clusters and neurobiological markers.
  • Executive dysfunction is a key predictor of functional outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Executive dysfunction is a core feature of schizophrenia with significant functional consequences.
  • Atypical antipsychotics and cognitive rehabilitation represent promising therapeutic strategies.
  • Targeting executive functions may improve overall patient outcomes in schizophrenia.

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