Lipoprotein (a) levels, apolipoprotein (a) phenotypes and thyroid autoimmunity

It has been reported that euthyroid normolipidemic males and postmenopausal females exhibit significantly higher serum lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) levels compared with age- and sex-matched normolipidemic controls. However, it is well known that there is an inverse correlation between Lp(a) concentration and apolipoprotein (a) (apo(a)) isoform size. Thus, it is imperative to exclude differences in apo(a) isoform frequencies between subjects with or without thyroid autoimmunity in order to verify if there is an association between thyroid autoimmunity and increased Lp(a) concentration. To exclude such an effect of different apo(a) isoform frequencies, we determined apo(a) phenotypes in 22 patients (9 males and 13 postmenopausal females) with thyroid autoimmunity and in 64 (29 males and 35 females) age- and sex-matched individuals without thyroid autoimmunity (control group). There were no significant differences in the values of lipid parameters between the two groups, including Lp(a). We did not detect any significant differences in the apo(a) phenotype frequencies between the two groups. Additionally, in neither of the subgroups formed according to the presence of low molecular vs high molecular weight apo(a) isoforms were there any significant differences in median serum Lp(a) levels between patients with and without thyroid autoimmunity. Thus, our results contradict the previously reported association between thyroid autoimmunity and Lp(a) concentrations.