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Eukaryotic circadian systems: cycles in common.

J C Dunlap1, J J Loros, Y Liu

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03755, USA. jay.c.dunlap@dartmouth.edu

Genes to Cells : Devoted to Molecular & Cellular Mechanisms
|May 7, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Eukaryotic circadian systems share regulatory patterns. PAS domain transcription factors activate clock proteins, which then inhibit their own production, creating a feedback loop responsive to temperature.

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Area of Science:

  • * Molecular biology
  • * Chronobiology
  • * Genetics

Background:

  • * Eukaryotic circadian systems exhibit conserved regulatory mechanisms across diverse species, from fungi to mammals.
  • * Understanding these molecular underpinnings is crucial for deciphering biological timekeeping.
  • * Previous research has identified key protein families involved in circadian rhythm regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To elucidate the common regulatory patterns in eukaryotic circadian systems.
  • * To identify the roles of specific transcription factor complexes in circadian feedback loops.
  • * To investigate the influence of post-transcriptional control and temperature on circadian clock function.

Main Methods:

  • * Comparative analysis of regulatory elements across different eukaryotic taxa.

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  • * Identification and characterization of PAS domain-containing transcription factor complexes.
  • * Examination of feedback loop mechanisms involving clock proteins like FRQ, PER, and TIM.
  • * Investigation of post-transcriptional regulation and temperature sensitivity.

    • Main Results:

    • * Common regulatory patterns were identified in eukaryotic circadian systems spanning fungi to mammals.
    • * PAS domain-containing transcription factor complexes were found to positively regulate clock gene expression.
    • * Clock proteins (FRQ, PER, TIM) act as negative elements, forming an oscillatory feedback loop.
    • * Post-transcriptional control of FRQ influences clock responsiveness to temperature.

    Conclusions:

    • * Eukaryotic circadian systems are governed by conserved regulatory principles involving PAS domain transcription factors and feedback loops.
    • * The interplay between transcriptional activation and post-transcriptional regulation fine-tunes circadian rhythms and temperature adaptation.
    • * These findings provide a unified framework for understanding circadian clock mechanisms across eukaryotes.