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Related Experiment Videos

What determines echogenicity in a general population? The Tromsø Study.

H Schirmer1, P Lunde, K Rasmussen

  • 1Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Norway. henrik.schirmer@ism.uit.no

Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : Official Publication of the American Society of Echocardiography
|May 8, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Echocardiography is difficult for individuals with high cardiovascular risk factors. These subjects often have higher age, obesity, and hypertension, necessitating alternative diagnostic methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Echocardiography is a key tool for assessing cardiac performance and anatomy.
  • Adequate measurements are not always achievable in all individuals.
  • Population-based screening can identify characteristics of unmeasurable subjects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the characteristics of subjects who are difficult or impossible to measure using echocardiography.
  • To identify factors associated with unmeasurable cardiac anatomy and function.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based sample of 3287 subjects aged 25-85 years was screened.
  • Standard 2-dimensional guided M-mode echocardiography, pulsed, and color Doppler were employed.
  • Left ventricular (LV) structure and function were assessed.

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Main Results:

  • Only 0.4% of subjects were unmeasurable by any echocardiographic technique.
  • Good quality M-mode registrations were obtained in 2794 subjects, enabling LV mass and ejection fraction calculations.
  • Unmeasurable subjects exhibited significantly higher age, BMI, blood pressure, waist/hip ratio, and were more likely to smoke, be male, take antihypertensives, have ischemic heart disease history, and have low physical activity.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with elevated cardiovascular risk factors are less likely to be measurable via echocardiography.
  • The findings highlight a need for alternative noninvasive diagnostic methods for these high-risk individuals.