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Disorders of Leukocytes

Disorders of Leukocytes

Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune system...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Isolation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells by Multi-parameter Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting

Isolation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells by Multi-parameter Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting

Published on: May 1, 2015

Lymphoid hypoplasia and somatic cloning.

J P Renard¹, S Chastant, P Chesné

¹Unité de Biologie du Développement, INRA, Jouy en Josas, France. renard@biotec.jouy.inra.fr

Lancet (London, England)

|May 8, 1999

Summary

Somatic cloning in calves may cause severe anemia and thymic atrophy. This study highlights potential long-term health defects in cloned animals, impacting discussions on reproductive cloning.

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Medicine
Developmental Biology
Genetics

Background:

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is linked to high perinatal mortality in cloned animals.
The specific contribution of SCNT to these failures remains unclear.
This study investigates a potential long-lasting defect associated with somatic cloning.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate long-term health consequences in a calf produced by somatic cloning.
To determine if SCNT itself is associated with specific defects beyond perinatal mortality.

Main Methods:

Skin cells from an ear biopsy of a cloned calf's donor were used for nuclear transfer.
The donor animal was derived from embryonic cells.
The somatic clone underwent comprehensive clinical, hematological, biochemical, and echocardiographic evaluations from birth to death.

Main Results:

The cloned calf exhibited normal development for 6 weeks.
A rapid decline in lymphocyte count and hemoglobin levels was observed.
The calf died on day 51 due to severe anemia, with necropsy revealing thymic atrophy and lymphoid hypoplasia.

Conclusions:

Somatic cloning may induce persistent, detrimental health effects.
The observed thymic atrophy and lymphoid hypoplasia suggest immune system compromise.
These findings are relevant to ethical considerations in human reproductive cloning debates.