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Changes in bone resorption during the menstrual cycle.

K M Chiu1, J Ju, D Mayes

  • 1Program in Osteoporosis and Bone Biology, University of California, San Francisco, USA.

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
|May 11, 1999
PubMed
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Female sex hormones influence bone health. Lower estrogen and progesterone during the follicular phase correlate with increased bone resorption, suggesting monthly bone loss episodes in premenopausal women.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Bone Biology
  • Reproductive Science

Background:

  • Menstrual cycle involves hormonal fluctuations.
  • Bone remodeling is a continuous process.
  • Understanding hormonal impact on bone is crucial for women's health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between female sex hormone fluctuations and bone turnover markers.
  • To determine if menstrual cycle phases affect bone formation and resorption.

Main Methods:

  • Measured serum estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), osteocalcin (OC), and deoxypyridinoline (Dpyr) in 20 premenopausal women over one menstrual cycle.
  • Collected samples thrice weekly.
  • Analyzed correlations between hormone levels and bone markers.

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Main Results:

  • Serum deoxypyridinoline (Dpyr) was higher in the follicular phase than the luteal phase.
  • Serum Dpyr showed negative correlations with prior E2 and concurrent P levels.
  • Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) correlated negatively with E2 levels from 6 days prior.
  • No significant cycle-related changes in BAP, OC, or urine Dpyr were observed.
  • Higher urine Dpyr correlated with higher serum OC and a trend towards lower hip bone mineral density.

Conclusions:

  • Low E2 and/or P levels during the follicular phase are linked to increased bone resorption.
  • Premenopausal women may experience monthly bone resorption episodes.
  • Hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle impact bone turnover.