Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 15, 2026

Guide Wire Assisted Catheterization and Colored Dye Injection for Vascular Mapping of Monochorionic Twin Placentas
Published on: September 5, 2011
Separation of complex pygopagus conjoined twins
C L Fowler1, A R Pulito, B C Warf
1University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, Department of Surgery, 40536-0084, USA.
Abstract:
Pygopagus twins were born with a unique spectrum of anomalies including a conjoined distal spinal cord, single kidney (in twin A), single rectum (in twin A), single vagina (in twin B), and severe central nervous system anomalies in twin B that precluded her independent survival. Separation at 10 weeks of age was tailored toward Twin A's survival. This report discusses the surgical modifications necessary in view of the unique anatomy, including salvaging the distal spinal cord and vagina for twin A.
Related Concept Videos
Meiosis II
Cleavage and Blastulation
Nondisjunction

