Plasma cell mucositis: a review and case report

Area of Science:

• Oral pathology
• Histopathology
• Immunohistochemistry

Background:

• Plasma cell mucositis is characterized by lesions on oral and upper aerodigestive tract mucous membranes.
• Clinical presentation includes intensely erythematous, lobulated surfaces.
• Histological examination reveals a dense connective tissue infiltrate of non-neoplastic plasma cells.

Observation:

• A literature review of 14 cases was conducted.
• The review outlined multifocal site distribution, chronicity, and systemic background.
• A single case report is presented with gene rearrangement studies.

Findings:

• Plasma cell mucositis is a distinct clinicopathological entity.
• Gene rearrangement studies confirmed the polyclonal nature of the plasma cell infiltrate in the reported case.
• Multifocal distribution, chronicity, and systemic associations are key distinguishing features.

Implications:

• This study aids in differentiating plasma cell mucositis from other mucosal lesions.
• Understanding the polyclonal nature of the infiltrate is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
• Further research into the systemic associations of plasma cell mucositis is warranted.