[Anatomo-clinical study of arterioventricular disorders]

The relationship of the great arteries with their respective ventricles in the three toncoconal morphologies depends on the orientation and rotation of the septum of the trunk and cone. In this work we study a case of crossed great arteries and another of partial distortion of the great arteries and one of transposition of the great arteries, all with arterioventricular concordance. In the anatomic and angiocardiographic examples an analysis is made of the arterioventricular relation in each type of arterial pedicle. We say that arterioventricular concordance exists with crossed great arteries when the pulmonary originated from the anterior infundibulum and its direction of right to left or from left to right in the frontal plane shows the spacial position of the anatomically right ventricle. In the transposition of the great arteries or in the partial distortion of the great arteries with arterioventricular concordance the aorta in the frontal plane shows the spacial position of the anatomically right ventricle. In the first group the aorta originates from the anterior infundibulum while in the second, from the posterior infundibulum. We review the examples of arterioventricular discordance diagnosed by necropsy or by laboratory studies. We study 5 cases; 1 with crossed great arteries, 3 with transposition of great arteries and the last with partial distortion of the great arteries. In the arterioventricular discordances with crossed great arteries in the lateral position, we observe that the pulmonary artery originates from the anterior infudnibulum whereas in the transposition, the aorta emerges from the anterior infundibulum. In the partial distortion of the great arteries the vessels are side by side or the aorta a little bit anterior to the pulmonary which is connected with the anterior infundibulum. In the posteroanterior incidence when there exists an arterioventricular discordance with crossed great arteries, the direction of the pulmonary does not indicate the spacial position of the anatomically right ventricle. In the same way, in the transposition and in the partial distortion of the great arteries the aorta does not indicate the spacial position of the anatomically right ventricle. On the basis of the evidence obtained by experimental and descriptive embriology, the morphogenetic processes responsible for the arterioventricular relations are presented. The anatomic specimens of each example is analyzed and the adequate parameter for the diagnosis of the distinct varieties of arterioventricular relations are presented. Finally a review is made of the few cases found in the literature and the differential diagsis between the concordant and discordant troncoconal malformation is established.