Heresy and pastoral counseling

Relates four of the classical Christian heresies--ebionism, adoptionism, docetism, and gnosticism--to the practice of pastoral counseling. Each of these heresies distorted the attempts to relate the divine and human nature of Christ. Variations of these heresies can be seen similarly distorting the practice of pastoral counseling. Reacquaintance with these traditional theological problems can help avoid parallel problems in the modern practice of Christian ministry.