Related Experiment Videos
The foot-and-mouth disease situation in Iran
Abstract:
Foot-and-mouth disease has been known in Iran since long ago. Typing of virus was done in 1950 at Mérieux Institute and since 1959 at Razi Institute. Type Asia 1 was isolated three times: in 1957, in 1964 and in 1973. In June 1962, FMD type SAT 1 entered Middle-Eastern countries; it was soon controlled, and completely eradicated by the end of 1963. At the present time, endemic types of FMD cause limited and sporadic outbreaks in some regions of Iran; their incidence is lowered every year. Except the endemic types A and O, all other types in Iran are considered as exotic. The control measures are: 1) stamping-out policy against exotic types, 2) mass-vaccination of all healthy susceptible animals by a polyvalent vaccine, 3) regular disinfection of premises and utensils, 4) strict application of sanitary measures.
Insights
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Iran is managed through stamping-out policies for exotic types and mass vaccination against endemic strains. Control measures have successfully reduced sporadic outbreaks of this significant animal disease.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Epidemiology
- Animal Health
Background:
- Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) has a long history in Iran, with viral typing initiated in the 1950s.
- Specific FMD virus types, such as Asia 1 and SAT 1, have been identified and managed over decades.
- Endemic FMD types A and O, alongside sporadic outbreaks of other types, continue to pose challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a historical overview of Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Iran.
- To detail the types of FMD viruses circulating in the region.
- To outline the control strategies implemented against FMD.
Main Methods:
- Historical data review of FMD virus isolations and typing.
- Analysis of FMD outbreak patterns and geographical distribution.
- Description of implemented control and eradication measures.
Main Results:
- FMD virus typing has been conducted in Iran since the 1950s, with Type Asia 1 isolated multiple times.
- FMD Type SAT 1 was introduced in 1962 but eradicated by 1963.
- Current FMD outbreaks are limited and sporadic, primarily caused by endemic types A and O.
Conclusions:
- Iran employs a multi-faceted approach to FMD control, including stamping-out for exotic types and vaccination for endemic strains.
- Strict sanitary measures, disinfection, and mass vaccination are crucial for managing FMD.
- Ongoing vigilance and control measures are necessary to minimize the impact of FMD in Iran.