[Analogs and models of systemic arterial circulation]

Area of Science:

• Physiology
• Biomedical Engineering
• Computational Fluid Dynamics

Context:

• Systemic arterial blood flow modeling is crucial for understanding cardiovascular physiology.
• Experimental physiological approaches require accurate models of blood flow dynamics.
• Advances in biomedical instrumentation necessitate sophisticated modeling techniques.

Purpose:

• To provide a comprehensive survey of analogs and models for systemic arterial blood flow.
• To classify distributed parameter models based on formulation assumptions.
• To highlight the utility of these models in estimating hemodynamic variables and analyzing pulse wave propagation.

Summary:

• The review categorizes models into "lumped" (resistive, Windkessel, multi-element) and "distributed" parameter types.
• Distributed models are further classified into five categories based on fluid and wall equation assumptions.
• Emphasis is placed on recent non-linear distributed models and their physiological applications.

Impact:

• Facilitates the estimation of physiological and hemodynamic variables using experimental data.
• Supports the development and application of advanced computational models in cardiovascular research.
• Highlights the growing use of distributed parameter models in experimental and clinical settings, driven by instrumentation advances.