Toward a social psychology of program design

Underlying each aspect of the design of social programs, whether the fund-raising apparatus or the accountability system, is a conception of human behavior. These conceptions, generally implied, are seldom examined, yet their validity determines to a great extent the effectiveness of programs. We have lacked an operational means of translating our behavioral assumptions about clients, staff, organizations, and groups into concepts whereby the merits and deficits of various designs can be evaluated. Viewing social programs and policies as forms of exchange where resources are invested for potential benefits offers a promising bridge between behavior and design.