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Acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Z Malcolm, D Rimland

    Physician Assistant (American Academy of Physician Assistants)
    |September 8, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) severely impacts cell-mediated immunity, leading to rare infections. Research intensified in 1981, with cases doubling every six months and a 39% mortality rate by 1983.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a severe immune system disturbance.
    • It increases susceptibility to rare opportunistic infections like Kaposi's sarcoma and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
    • The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) began intensive research in mid-1981.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe the emerging Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic.
    • To identify high-risk populations and track the spread of the disease.
    • To report on the clinical presentation and epidemiological trends of AIDS.

    Main Methods:

    • Clinical observation and case reporting by the CDC.
    • Epidemiological surveillance to identify affected populations and geographic distribution.
    • Monitoring of case doubling rates and mortality statistics.

    Main Results:

    • AIDS primarily affects specific risk groups: homosexually active males, IV drug users, Haitians, and hemophiliacs.
    • Cases doubled every six months, reaching 1,676 by June 1983.
    • The overall mortality rate was 39%, with the outbreak most severe in New York City and other major US cities.

    Conclusions:

    • Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) presented as a severe, often fatal, immune deficiency.
    • Diagnosis was primarily clinical, with no specific tests available.
    • No specific treatment for AIDS was identified at the time of this report.

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