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Long-term oxygen therapy: physiologic and economic considerations.

J M Luce

    Respiratory Care
    |June 10, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Long-term oxygen therapy is safe for hypoxemia, improving physiology and prolonging life for those with severe resting arterial hypoxemia. Continuous low-flow oxygen is recommended for patients with low resting PaO2 or cor pulmonale.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary Medicine
    • Critical Care Medicine

    Background:

    • Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) is a recognized treatment for chronic arterial hypoxemia.
    • Hypoxemia during exercise and sleep is common in patients with chronic lung disease.
    • The cost-effectiveness of LTOT for intermittent hypoxemia is not well-established.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of long-term oxygen therapy.
    • To determine the benefits of supplemental oxygen for patients with intermittent desaturation.
    • To establish guidelines for considering LTOT in specific patient populations.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on LTOT and hypoxemia.
    • Analysis of physiological improvements associated with oxygen therapy.
    • Consideration of patient criteria for initiating LTOT.

    Main Results:

    • LTOT is safe and provides physiological benefits for severe resting arterial hypoxemia.
    • Supplemental oxygen may benefit patients experiencing intermittent desaturation during exercise or sleep.
    • Evidence for cost-effectiveness in non-resting hypoxemia is lacking.

    Conclusions:

    • Continuous low-flow oxygen should be strongly considered for patients with resting PaO2 ≤ 55 mm Hg.
    • LTOT should be considered for all patients with cor pulmonale, irrespective of PaO2.
    • Further research is needed to clarify the benefits versus costs of LTOT for intermittent hypoxemia.

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