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Automatic border detection identifies subclinical anthracycline cardiotoxicity in children with malignancy

I Hashimoto1, F Ichida, M Miura

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, First Division of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan.

Circulation
|May 11, 1999
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Automatic border detection (ABD) can identify subclinical heart damage in children treated with anthracycline chemotherapy, even when standard echocardiography shows normal function. This sensitive method detects early signs of cardiotoxicity.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Anthracycline chemotherapy can cause myocardial impairment in children, even at low doses.
  • Early detection of cardiotoxicity is crucial for managing treatment and preventing long-term heart damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical usefulness of automatic border detection (ABD) for identifying latent myocardial damage in asymptomatic children treated with anthracyclines.
  • To assess if ABD can unmask subclinical anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 34 children undergoing or having completed anthracycline chemotherapy (Chemo group) and 40 healthy children (Control group).
  • All participants underwent comprehensive echocardiography, including M-mode, Doppler, and automatic border detection (ABD).
  • Compared left ventricular function parameters between the groups using conventional echocardiography and ABD.

Main Results:

  • Conventional echocardiography revealed no significant differences in ejection fraction or transmitral flow velocity between groups.
  • Automatic border detection (ABD) showed significantly reduced peak filling rate (P<0.0001) and prolonged time to peak filling rate (P<0.0001) in the Chemo group compared to controls.
  • These findings suggest subclinical myocardial damage in children treated with anthracyclines.

Conclusions:

  • Echocardiographic ABD is a sensitive and valuable noninvasive tool for assessing subclinical anthracycline cardiotoxicity in children.
  • ABD can detect early signs of heart damage missed by conventional echocardiographic methods.

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