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Leukotriene receptor antagonists and related compounds
1National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, Colorado 80206, USA. wenzels@njc.org
Canadian Respiratory Journal
|May 13, 1999
Summary
New asthma drugs targeting leukotriene pathways offer symptom relief and improve lung function. These leukotriene receptor antagonists and 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors provide effective treatment options for a wide range of asthma patients.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Pharmacology
- Immunology
Background:
- Leukotrienes (LTs) are key lipid mediators in asthma pathophysiology.
- Recent advancements include the development of three novel drugs modulating the LT pathway.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the efficacy and application of new leukotriene pathway modulators in asthma treatment.
- To compare their effects with inhaled corticosteroids.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical data on leukotriene receptor antagonists (zafirlukast, montelukast) and 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors (zileuton).
- Analysis of drug effects on allergen, acetylsalicylic acid, and exercise challenges.
- Comparison of LT modulators with inhaled corticosteroids in mild to moderate asthma.
Main Results:
- LT modulators effectively inhibit asthma exacerbations and improve daily symptoms and lung function (FEV1).
- They show comparable efficacy to low-dose inhaled corticosteroids for symptom control but lesser effects on FEV1.
- Emerging data suggest a role in reducing inhaled corticosteroid dosage for moderate to severe asthma.
Conclusions:
- Leukotriene pathway modulators are effective in treating various asthma severities.
- These drugs offer a valuable therapeutic option, potentially reducing the need for higher corticosteroid doses.
- Long-term studies are needed to fully understand their disease-modifying potential.