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Impact of respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin in 1996-1997: a local controlled comparison

G J Redding1, S Braun, D Mayock

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA.

Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
|May 14, 1999
PubMed

Insights

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) immune globulin did not significantly reduce hospitalizations in very young infants without lung disease. Current guidelines may need refinement beyond gestational age for RSV prevention in premature infants.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) immune globulin is used to prevent RSV-related hospitalizations in high-risk infants.
  • Current recommendations for RSV immune globulin use in specific infant populations are inconsistent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare RSV hospitalization rates in prematurely born infants with and without chronic lung disease who received RSV immune globulin versus those whose parents refused treatment.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of RSV immune globulin in preventing RSV-related respiratory illness hospitalizations.

Main Methods:

  • Inception cohort study design.
  • Participants included infants born at <35 weeks gestation (<6 months old, no lung disease) and premature infants (<2 years old) with chronic respiratory disease.
  • Main outcome measure was hospitalization for an RSV-related respiratory illness.

Main Results:

  • Of 76 treated infants, 3 (4%) were hospitalized for RSV; of 65 untreated infants, 2 (3%) were hospitalized.
  • Among infants with chronic lung disease, 5% of treated and 11% of untreated infants were hospitalized.
  • No hospitalized infants were observed among those born prematurely without lung disease, whether treated (0/10) or untreated (0/47).

Conclusions:

  • Hospitalization risk for RSV is low in premature infants <6 months old without lung disease.
  • Current RSV immune globulin recommendations for preventing RSV illness in this group may need to incorporate specific clinical factors beyond gestational age.
Abstract

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