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Active versus passive cleft-type speech characteristics.

A Harding1, P Grunwell

  • 1De Montfort University, Leicester, UK.

International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders
|May 18, 1999
PubMed
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This study distinguishes between active and passive speech characteristics in children with cleft palate. Passive characteristics improve with surgery, while active ones require speech therapy before surgical benefits can be assessed.

Area of Science:

  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Craniofacial Surgery
  • Pediatric Audiology

Background:

  • Cleft palate speech is characterized by nasal resonance, nasal emission, and compensatory articulations.
  • A distinction between passive (structural) and active (articulatory) cleft-type speech characteristics is proposed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe and define passive and active patterns of articulation in children with cleft palate.
  • To investigate the impact of surgical intervention on these speech characteristics.
  • To inform therapeutic strategies based on the active/passive distinction.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) at various surgical stages.
  • Analysis of speech samples from subjects aged 1;6 to 13;0.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of speech characteristics based on surgical regimes and structural status.

    • Main Results:

    • Both active and passive processes were present in subjects regardless of surgical status or timing.
    • Passive characteristics were largely eliminated post-surgery, while active characteristics remained unchanged.
    • Active nasal fricatives were unaffected by surgery, unlike passive nasal fricatives.

    Conclusions:

    • Distinguishing between active and passive cleft-type speech patterns is crucial for predicting surgical outcomes.
    • Active characteristics may require speech and language therapy to destabilize before surgery.
    • This distinction can guide the assessment of surgical benefits and inform targeted therapy.