The Human Genome Project and gene therapy: a genetic counselor's perspective

The Human Genome Project (HGP) and clinical trials of gene therapy create an expanded role for genetic counselors, nurses, and other health care practitioners. Translating fundamental advances in genetics into a benefit of clinical practice can be challenging. In addition to patients, the public and other professionals, including judges and lawyers, need to be educated about genetics and genetic testing and the potential for genetic intervention. The article provides an overview of the HGP, explains the concept of gene transfer, provides examples of clinical trials for specific diseases, and addresses practical issues related to the role of the coordinator in clinical trials of gene transfer.