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Related Experiment Videos

Using multiple response true-false multiple choice questions.

R Bandaranayake1, J Payne, S White

  • 1Royal Australasian College of Surgeons, Melbourne, Victoria. rajband@batelco.com.bh

The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery
|May 18, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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The Royal Australasian College of Surgeons replaced Type K with Type X multiple choice questions (MCQ). The +1, 0, -1 scoring system was adopted for efficiency, despite Type X yielding lower scores than Type K.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Assessment Methods
  • Surgical Training

Background:

  • The Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS) sought to replace existing Type K multiple choice questions (MCQ) with a new Type X format.
  • A key challenge was determining the optimal scoring method for the new Type X MCQs to ensure fair and accurate assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate different scoring techniques for Type X MCQs.
  • To compare the performance of Type X MCQs with the existing Type K MCQs.
  • To identify the most appropriate scoring method for Type X MCQs in surgical examinations.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of candidate responses using six scoring techniques for Type X items was conducted.
  • A prospective study compared Type K items with two Type X scoring methods (+1 for correct, -1 for incorrect/omitted; Middlesex technique) across three examinations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Items sampling identical content areas were distributed randomly across the different question types and papers.

    • Main Results:

    • Both Type X scoring systems resulted in significantly lower mean scores compared to Type K, likely because Type K allowed partial credit.
    • No significant difference was found between the two Type X scoring methods.
    • Reused Type X items (Middlesex) showed higher scores than when previously used as Type K, attributed to partial credit, familiarity, and candidate ability variations.
    • Positive and significant correlations were observed between mean scores across different examination parts.

    Conclusions:

    • The RACS Board of Examiners decided to adopt Type X MCQs, replacing Type K.
    • The +1, 0, -1 scoring system was chosen for its efficiency over the Middlesex technique.
    • The study highlights the impact of scoring methods on MCQ performance and the considerations for transitioning assessment formats.