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Mandibular shape and skeletal divergency.

V F Ferrario1, C Sforza, D J De Franco

  • 1Functional Anatomy Research Center, Laboratorio di Anatomia Funzionale dell'Apparato Stomatognatico, Istituto di Anatomia Umana Normale, Italy.

European Journal of Orthodontics
|May 18, 1999
PubMed
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Mandibular shape and size vary significantly across different facial divergence types in adolescent girls. Hyperdivergent mandibles show the most distinct shape differences compared to normodivergent ones.

Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Craniofacial Morphology
  • Dental Anthropology

Background:

  • Facial divergence, characterized by the MP-SN angle, influences skeletal and dental relationships.
  • Understanding mandibular shape variations is crucial for diagnosing and treating malocclusions.
  • Previous studies have explored mandibular growth but detailed shape analysis across divergence types is less common.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively analyze and compare the mandibular shape and size in adolescent girls with hypodivergent, normodivergent, and hyperdivergent facial types.
  • To identify specific anatomical landmarks contributing to shape differences.
  • To investigate the relationship between facial divergence and mandibular morphology.

Main Methods:

  • Lateral cephalograms of 41 skeletal Class I girls (aged 11-15) were analyzed.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Mandibular outlines were digitized and shape differences quantified using elliptic Fourier series.
  • Morphological distance (MD) calculated for size-independent reconstructions to compare divergency classes.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant differences in mandibular shape were found across the three divergency classes.
    • Hyperdivergent girls exhibited greater shape variation compared to normodivergent girls (MD = 4.61).
    • Hypodivergent girls showed smaller shape differences (MD = 2.91) versus normodivergent.
    • Smaller mandibular size was observed in hyperdivergent girls.
    • Differences were noted at the gonion, coronoid process, sigmoid notch, alveolar process, ramus posterior border, and mandibular plane.

    Conclusions:

    • Mandibular shape is distinctly different among hypodivergent, normodivergent, and hyperdivergent adolescent females.
    • Facial divergence significantly impacts mandibular morphology, particularly in hyperdivergent individuals.
    • These findings contribute to a better understanding of craniofacial variations and can inform orthodontic treatment planning.