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Related Experiment Videos

Stochastic effects in LMC models.

J Courteau1, S Lessard

  • 1Département de mathématiques et de statistique, Université de Montréal, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, H3C 3J7, Canada.

Theoretical Population Biology
|May 18, 1999
PubMed
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Local mate competition (LMC) explains female-biased sex ratios. This study examines random colony sizes and offspring numbers, finding the evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) sex ratio shifts with brood and colony size variations.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Population Genetics

Background:

  • Local mate competition (LMC) theory, introduced by W. D. Hamilton, explains extreme female-biased sex ratios in insects and mites.
  • The original model assumes infinite colonies with fixed foundresses and large, uniform brood sizes.
  • An evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) sex ratio is female-biased under these idealized conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of random colony size and finite, variable offspring production on LMC.
  • To derive the exact ESS sex ratio under more realistic population structures.
  • To compare theoretical predictions with previous approximate or numerical findings.

Main Methods:

  • Mathematical modeling to deduce the exact evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) sex ratio.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of how mean and variance in brood size affect the ESS.
  • Examination of how mean and variance in colony size influence the ESS.

    • Main Results:

    • Increased mean or variance in brood size leads to a more female-biased ESS sex ratio.
    • Increased variance in colony size can increase the ESS proportion of males at small mean brood/colony sizes.
    • Increased variance in colony size decreases the ESS proportion of males at large mean brood or colony sizes.

    Conclusions:

    • The ESS sex ratio in local mate competition models is sensitive to variations in brood and colony size.
    • Randomness in population structure, particularly colony size variance, can alter predicted sex ratios.
    • This study refines LMC theory by incorporating more realistic ecological parameters.