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Domperidone: a peripherally acting dopamine2-receptor antagonist
1Department of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, College of Pharmacy, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway 08855, USA.
The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
|May 20, 1999
Summary
Domperidone effectively treats gastrointestinal motility disorders and emesis by enhancing gut motility and blocking dopamine receptors. It offers a favorable safety profile, making it a good alternative to metoclopramide for diabetic gastropathy.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Gastrointestinal motility disorders and emesis significantly impact patient quality of life.
- Domperidone, a dopamine antagonist, has been available globally since 1978.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of domperidone.
- Focus on its use in treating gastrointestinal motility disorders, particularly diabetic gastroparesis, and emesis.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of MEDLINE and Excerpta Medica databases.
- Analysis of controlled clinical trials comparing domperidone to placebo, metoclopramide, or cisapride.
- Inclusion of case reports for safety assessment.
Main Results:
- Domperidone regulates gastric and intestinal motility and possesses antiemetic properties.
- Symptomatic improvement in diabetic gastropathy was superior to placebo and comparable to metoclopramide/cisapride.
- Domperidone demonstrated a favorable safety profile with rare central nervous system adverse effects.
Conclusions:
- Domperidone is an effective gastrokinetic and antiemetic agent.
- Its favorable safety profile positions it as an attractive alternative to metoclopramide.
- Domperidone's antiemetic action differentiates it from cisapride in managing diabetic gastropathy.