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Decrease in serum levels of vitamin A and zeaxanthin in patients with colorectal polyp.

G Rumi1, I Szabó, A Vincze

  • 1First Department of Medicine, University Medical School of Pécs, Hungary.

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
|May 20, 1999
PubMed
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Low serum carotenoid levels, including vitamin A and zeaxanthin, are linked to colorectal polyps. This deficiency may play a role in the development of colorectal cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Gastroenterology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Epidemiological studies suggest carotenoid-rich diets may prevent digestive tract pre-cancerous and neoplastic lesions.
  • Carotenoids are potent antioxidants with potential chemopreventive properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between serum carotenoid levels and colorectal polyps with varying histological classifications.
  • To compare carotenoid levels in patients with adenomatous polyps versus healthy individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Serum levels of vitamin A, lutein, zeaxanthin, alpha- and beta-cryptoxanthin, alpha- and beta-carotene were measured using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC).
  • Blood samples were analyzed from 59 patients with adenomatous colorectal polyps and 20 healthy controls.

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  • Patients were categorized into four groups based on polyp histology.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients with colorectal polyps exhibited significantly lower serum levels of vitamin A and zeaxanthin compared to healthy controls.
    • The lowest levels of vitamin A and zeaxanthin were observed in patients with focal adenocarcinoma within the polyp.
    • No significant differences were found in serum levels of other measured carotenoids, cholesterol, hemoglobin, total protein, or albumin.

    Conclusions:

    • A significant inverse correlation exists between serum carotenoid levels and the presence and histological grade of colorectal polyps.
    • Deficiency in carotenoids, particularly vitamin A and zeaxanthin, may be a contributing factor in the development of colorectal cancer.