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Related Experiment Videos

Thiamphenicol disposition in pigs.

G Castells1, C Prats, G El Korchi

  • 1Department de Farmacologia i de Terapèutica. Facultat de Veterinària., Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain.

Research in Veterinary Science
|May 20, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Pharmacokinetic parameters for thiamphenicol (TAP) in pigs show rapid elimination after intravenous injection. Intramuscular administration resulted in lower peak concentrations and longer half-life, with 76% bioavailability.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pharmacology
  • Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
  • Animal Health

Background:

  • Thiamphenicol (TAP) is an antibiotic used in veterinary medicine.
  • Understanding its pharmacokinetic profile in pigs is crucial for effective therapeutic use.
  • Previous studies may not fully elucidate TAP's behavior in swine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of thiamphenicol (TAP) in pigs.
  • To compare TAP's disposition after intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) administration.
  • To assess the bioavailability of TAP following i.m. injection.

Main Methods:

  • Administered 30 mg kg-1 of TAP via i.v. and i.m. routes to pigs.
  • Measured plasma drug concentrations using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

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  • Analyzed pharmacokinetic data using bi-exponential equations and calculated key parameters.

    • Main Results:

    • Intravenous TAP exhibited rapid disposition with a short elimination half-life (59.3 min), volume of distribution (0.62 L kg-1), and plasma clearance (13.4 mL min-1 kg-1).
    • Intramuscular administration led to a peak concentration (Cmax = 4.1 µg mL-1) at ~60 min, with a longer elimination half-life (250.2 min) compared to i.v.
    • Mean bioavailability for i.m. TAP was 76%.

    Conclusions:

    • TAP is rapidly eliminated in pigs following i.v. administration.
    • Slower absorption from muscle results in prolonged elimination and lower peak concentrations after i.m. dosing.
    • The determined bioavailability suggests i.m. administration can be a viable route for TAP delivery in pigs.