Serum CD44 in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

CD44 molecule is a cell surface glycoprotein involved in several cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. It has been linked to the growth and spread of malignancies. The majority of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) express CD44 reflecting the CD44 expression of the normal lymphocytic counterparts. Cell surface CD44 has been suggested to be involved in hematogenous distribution of NHL, and elevated levels of serum CD44 (s-CD44) have been detected in various malignant diseases. Circulating s-CD44 has been found to be functionally active according to several functional studies. In patients with NHL increased s-CD44 levels have been detected at the time of diagnosis and at progression of the disease and s-CD44 levels change in parallel with response to therapy. Moreover, a high s-CD44 level at diagnosis is associated with a high tumor burden, poor response to treatment and unfavorable outcome in NHL.