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Decrease in mitochondrial DNA and concurrent increase in plastid DNA in generative cells of Pharbitis nil during

N Nagata1, C Saito, A Sakai

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Japan. nagata@postman.riken.go.jp

European Journal of Cell Biology
|June 1, 1999
PubMed
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In Pharbitis nil pollen, organellar DNA shifts dramatically during development. Mitochondrial DNA disappears, while plastid DNA significantly increases in generative cells, suggesting independent control of organelle DNA content.

Area of Science:

  • Plant reproductive biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Cell biology

Background:

  • Organellar DNA, including mitochondrial DNA and plastid DNA, plays crucial roles in cellular function.
  • The dynamics of organellar DNA during plant gametogenesis are not fully understood.
  • Previous studies have indicated variations in organelle DNA content during plant development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the amount and types of organellar DNA within the generative cells of Pharbitis nil during pollen development.
  • To determine the fate of mitochondrial DNA and plastid DNA during pollen maturation.
  • To explore the regulatory mechanisms controlling organelle DNA levels in generative cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining for DNA visualization and quantification.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Employed fluorescence microscopy with DAPI and 3,3'-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide (DiOC6) for observing organellar DNA.
  • Applied electron microscopy, including immunogold labeling with an anti-DNA antibody, for detailed ultrastructural analysis.
  • Quantified DNA using a video-intensified microscope photon counting system (VIMPCS).

    • Main Results:

    • Mature generative cells of Pharbitis nil exclusively contain plastid DNA; no mitochondrial DNA was detected.
    • Mitochondrial DNA decreased and disappeared earlier in generative cells compared to vegetative cells.
    • Plastid DNA content in generative cells increased significantly, with copy numbers per plastid rising from one to over ten.
    • Organellar DNA levels in vegetative cells also decreased, with both mitochondrial and plastid DNA disappearing by two days before flowering.

    Conclusions:

    • Organellar DNA content in Pharbitis nil is dynamically regulated during pollen development.
    • Mitochondrial DNA is actively eliminated from generative cells, suggesting a specific degradation pathway.
    • Plastid DNA content is amplified in generative cells, indicating a distinct regulatory mechanism.
    • The independent control of mitochondrial and plastid DNA levels highlights complex cellular processes during male gametogenesis.