Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases: phenotypic, genetic and biochemical characteristics
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Updated: Oct 20, 2026

A Protocol for Functional Assessment of Whole-Protein Saturation Mutagenesis Libraries Utilizing High-Throughput Sequencing
Published on: July 3, 2016
1UMR 175, CNRS-MNHN, Quimper, France.
Abstract:
Beta-lactamases represent the main mechanism of bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. The recent emergence of bacterial strains producing inhibitor-resistant TEM (IRT) enzymes could be related to the frequent use of beta-lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanic acid, sulbactam and tazobactam in hospitals and in general practice. The IRT beta-lactamases differ from the parental enzymes TEM-1 or TEM-2 by one, two or three amino acid substitutions at different locations. This paper reviews the phenotypic, genetic and biochemical characteristics of IRT beta-lactamases in an attempt to shed light on the pressures that have contributed to their emergence.
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