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A Hawthorne strategy: implications for performance measurement and improvement.
1Association of Maryland Hospitals and Health Systems, Lutherville, MD 21093-6087, USA.
Clinical Performance and Quality Health Care
|June 3, 1999
Summary
The Hawthorne strategy enhances performance by using external observations to boost internal commitment and accountability. This approach encourages continuous improvement through individual and institutional evaluation.
Area of Science:
- Organizational Psychology
- Behavioral Science
- Performance Management
Background:
- The Hawthorne effect describes performance improvements due to observation.
- Existing research focuses on the impact of experimentation on performance.
- The Hawthorne effect is a well-documented phenomenon in behavioral studies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose a novel "Hawthorne strategy" for indefinite performance improvement.
- To leverage the Hawthorne effect as an active construct for strategic enhancement.
- To develop a framework that moves beyond the passive observation of the Hawthorne effect.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing external performance observations to drive internal commitment.
- Increasing focus on individual responsibility and its link to performance outcomes.
- Implementing institutional recognition and reinforcement for performance-enhancing behaviors.
Main Results:
- Enhanced focus on individual responsibility and accountability.
- Strengthened perceived connection between individual efforts and organizational performance.
- Fostered a culture of self-evaluation among care providers at all levels.
Conclusions:
- The proposed Hawthorne strategy offers a sustainable approach to continuous performance improvement.
- This strategy transforms the passive Hawthorne effect into an active performance enhancement tool.
- Encouraging self-evaluation among individuals, groups, and institutions leads to sustained performance gains.