Cardiovascular consequences of polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a syndrome of hyperandrogenism and anovulation with numerous associated derangements, is typified by a substantially increased incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary disease in mid-adult life. A marker of the disorder, and a potential determinant of the macroangiopathy, is insulin resistance. Thus, in addition to altered lipid metabolism, hypertension, hormonal derangements, obesity, and altered coagulation--all of which may contribute to the development of vascular disease--the insulin resistance and dysinsulinemia may underlie impaired fibrinolysis and related derangements within the vessel walls that may be modifiable by attenuation of insulin resistance and amelioration of hyperinsulinemia.