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Adolescent depression: prevalence in Swedish high-school students.

G I Olsson1, A L von Knorring

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
|June 3, 1999
PubMed
Summary

This study found that 5.8% of Swedish high school students experienced major depression in one year, with higher rates in girls. Lifetime prevalence of depression was 11.4% in adolescents.

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Area of Science:

  • Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Mental Health Research
  • Epidemiology of Mood Disorders

Background:

  • Adolescent depression is a significant public health concern.
  • Understanding the prevalence and characteristics of depression in high school students is crucial for early intervention.
  • Previous suicide attempts are a critical indicator for mental health assessment in youth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the 1-year and lifetime prevalence of major depression in a Swedish high school population.
  • To investigate the prevalence of dysthymia and hypomanic episodes in adolescents.
  • To examine gender differences in the prevalence of depressive disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Screening of 2300 high school students (aged 16-17) in a Swedish town for depression and suicide attempts.

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  • Diagnostic interviews using the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-Revised (DICA-R-A) for participants with high depression scores, previous suicide attempts, and matched controls.
  • Inclusion of 93.3% of the screened population and 88.8% of those selected for interviews.

    • Main Results:

    • The 1-year prevalence of major depression was 5.8%, and the lifetime prevalence was 11.4%.
    • Major depression was diagnosed in four girls for every boy.
    • Dysthymia affected 2% of students (two girls for every boy), and short hypomanic episodes were present in 13.2% of those with a lifetime diagnosis of major depression.

    Conclusions:

    • Major depression is a common mental health issue among Swedish high school students, particularly affecting girls.
    • A significant proportion of adolescents experience major depression over their lifetime.
    • The findings highlight the need for accessible mental health services and targeted prevention strategies for adolescent depression.