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[Hepatitis B immunization in hemodialysis patients].
L Skladaný1, J Svác, P Javorský
1Interná klinika B NsP F. D. Foosevelta, Banská Bystrica.
Vnitrni Lekarstvi
|June 8, 1999
Summary
Hepatitis B vaccination in hemodialysis patients shows low effectiveness when started after dialysis begins. More than three doses of vaccine are needed for some protection against Hepatitis B virus infection.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Virology
- Immunology
Context:
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is highly prevalent in hemodialysis patients, contributing significantly to their morbidity and mortality.
- Kidney transplant recipients are also at risk for HBV infection.
- High HBV prevalence in a specific hemodialysis center prompted an investigation into vaccination effectiveness.
Purpose:
- To retrospectively analyze the effectiveness of active immunization with Engerix-B in 84 hemodialysis patients.
- To evaluate the efficacy of the recommended vaccination protocol for hemodialysis patients.
- To identify optimal preventive strategies for HBV in this vulnerable population.
Summary:
- Active immunization against HBV initiated after the start of hemodialysis demonstrated limited effectiveness.
- Patients lacking protective anti-HBs antibodies before hemodialysis require alternative preventive measures.
- Achieving a degree of effectiveness from vaccination necessitates administering more than three doses of the Engerix-B vaccine.
Impact:
- Highlights the low efficacy of standard HBV vaccination protocols when commenced post-hemodialysis initiation.
- Underscores the need for alternative or modified preventive strategies for hemodialysis patients, especially those seronegative pre-dialysis.
- Suggests that a higher vaccine dosage regimen may be required to elicit protective immunity in the hemodialysis population.