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[Biologic rhythms. Nyctemeral variation in man].

G Copinschi1, O Van Reeth, E Van Cauter

  • 1Laboratoire de Médecine expérimentale, l'Hôpital Erasme, Bruxelles, Belgique. gcop@med.ulb.ac.be

Presse Medicale (Paris, France : 1983)
|June 9, 1999
PubMed
Summary

The daily rhythms of key hormones like cortisol and melatonin serve as reliable indicators of the body's internal clock. Disruptions in these circadian patterns can signal hormonal imbalances, impacting overall health.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Chronobiology
  • Neuroendocrinology

Context:

  • The human body exhibits complex daily rhythms in hormone secretion, crucial for physiological regulation.
  • Understanding these nycthemeral patterns is vital for diagnosing endocrine disorders and assessing circadian health.

Purpose:

  • To review the nycthemeral patterns of major endocrine axes and melatonin.
  • To highlight their roles as markers of circadian rhythmicity and their regulation.

Summary:

  • Cortisol and melatonin secretion patterns strongly reflect circadian clock function, with deviations indicating potential pathology like Cushing's syndrome.
  • Thyrotropin-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion is influenced by both circadian rhythms and sleep, while growth hormone (GH) is primarily pulsatile.
  • Prolactin secretion is linked to sleep-wake cycles and circadian rhythmicity, and gonadotropin release is pulsatile, modulated by factors like the menstrual cycle.

Impact:

  • Provides insights into using hormonal rhythms for diagnosing circadian and endocrine disorders.
  • Establishes the differential regulation of hormone secretion by circadian clocks, sleep, and other physiological factors.
  • Highlights melatonin and cortisol as key markers for assessing circadian integrity.

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