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Fine deletion mapping of chromosome 8p in non-small-cell lung carcinoma
F Lerebours1, S Olschwang, B Thuille
1INSERM U434-C.E.P.H., Paris, France.
Abstract:
Several somatic genetic alterations have been described in non-small-cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC). Recurrent chromosomal deletions have suggested the presence of tumor-suppressor genes specifically involved in lung carcinogenesis. For one of these, 2 non-overlapping regions have been proposed on the short arm of chromosome 8, encompassing the LPL and NEFL genes. The LPL region has been extensively studied in NSCLC and other cancer types. Two genes, N33 and PRLTS, have been identified, but the small number of mutations excludes their involvement in the vast majority of tumors. In order to delineate a reliable region of deletional overlap on chromosome 8p in NSCLC, a series of 77 NSCLC was studied for 34 microsatellite polymorphisms distributed on chromosome 8p, using multiplex-PCR amplification. After purification of tumor nuclei by flow cytometry based on either the abnormal DNA index or the presence of a high expression of cytokeratin, allelic losses on chromosome 8p were observed in 39% of cases. Measurement of DNA index showed that 62% of tumors were hyperploid; allelic losses were more frequent in hyperploid than in diploid tumors (54% vs. 14%; p < 10(-4)). Deletions of part of the short arm were observed in 7 instances. Our data allow definition of an interval of common deletion, flanked by the loci D8S511 and D8S1992, where the putative tumor-suppressor gene might be localized.
Insights
Researchers identified a specific deletion region on chromosome 8p in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors. This finding helps pinpoint a potential tumor-suppressor gene involved in lung carcinogenesis.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Somatic genetic alterations are common in non-small-cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC).
- Recurrent chromosomal deletions suggest the presence of tumor-suppressor genes in lung carcinogenesis.
- Previous studies proposed two regions on chromosome 8p, but identified genes (N33, PRLTS) showed limited mutations in NSCLC.
Purpose of the Study:
- To delineate a reliable region of common deletion on chromosome 8p in NSCLC.
- To identify the location of a putative tumor-suppressor gene involved in lung cancer development.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 77 NSCLC cases using 34 microsatellite polymorphisms on chromosome 8p via multiplex-PCR.
- Purification of tumor nuclei using flow cytometry based on DNA index or cytokeratin expression.
- Assessment of allelic losses and DNA index in tumor samples.
Main Results:
- Allelic losses on chromosome 8p were detected in 39% of NSCLC cases.
- Allelic losses were significantly more frequent in hyperploid tumors (54%) compared to diploid tumors (14%).
- A common deletion interval was defined between loci D8S511 and D8S1992.
Conclusions:
- The study successfully delineated a critical deletion region on chromosome 8p in NSCLC.
- This region, flanked by D8S511 and D8S1992, is a strong candidate for harboring a tumor-suppressor gene responsible for lung carcinogenesis.
- Further investigation within this interval is warranted to identify the specific gene(s).